燃氣發(fā)電機組作為高效的電力供應設備，其穩(wěn)定運行離不開堅實可靠的安裝基礎。就像建造高樓需筑牢地基，安裝燃氣發(fā)電機組時，基礎工程若存在缺陷，不僅影響設備性能，還可能埋下安全隱患。從選址到澆筑，從減震到防護，每個環(huán)節(jié)都關乎設備能否 “穩(wěn)發(fā)電力”，下面就來詳細拆解燃氣發(fā)電機組安裝的基礎要求。

　　As an efficient power supply equipment, the stable operation of gas generator sets relies on a solid and reliable installation foundation. Just like building high-rise buildings requires a solid foundation, if there are defects in the foundation engineering during the installation of gas generators, it not only affects the performance of the equipment, but may also pose safety hazards. From site selection to pouring, from shock absorption to protection, every link is related to whether the equipment can "stably generate electricity". Below is a detailed breakdown of the basic requirements for installing gas generator sets.

　　一、選址：選對 “落腳地” 是第一步

　　1、 Site selection: Choosing the right "landing place" is the first step

　　燃氣發(fā)電機組的安裝位置需綜合多方面因素考量。首先要確保場地通風良好，因為機組運行時會產生廢氣，若通風不暢，廢氣積聚不僅影響操作人員健康，還可能引發(fā)安全事故，所以應選擇開闊、空氣流通的區(qū)域，避免在封閉地下室或通風不良的角落安裝。其次，選址要遠離居民區(qū)和敏感建筑，燃氣發(fā)電機組運行時會產生噪音，距離過近容易造成擾民，通常需與居住建筑保持一定安全距離，并根據(jù)環(huán)保標準做好降噪措施。此外，安裝場地還需地勢平坦、干燥，避免低洼易積水區(qū)域，防止基礎受水侵蝕而損壞；同時要靠近燃氣管道和電力輸出線路，以減少輸送成本和能源損耗。

　　The installation location of gas generator sets needs to be considered comprehensively from multiple factors. Firstly, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation in the site, as the unit will generate exhaust gas during operation. If the ventilation is poor, the accumulation of exhaust gas not only affects the health of operators, but may also cause safety accidents. Therefore, open and well ventilated areas should be selected to avoid installation in enclosed basements or poorly ventilated corners. Secondly, the site selection should be far away from residential areas and sensitive buildings. The operation of gas generators will generate noise, and being too close can easily cause disturbance to residents. It is usually necessary to maintain a certain safe distance from residential buildings and take noise reduction measures according to environmental standards. In addition, the installation site should have flat and dry terrain, avoiding low-lying areas prone to water accumulation and preventing damage to the foundation due to water erosion; At the same time, it is necessary to be close to gas pipelines and power output lines to reduce transmission costs and energy losses.

　　二、地基設計：打造堅固的 “電力底座”

　　2、 Foundation design: Creating a sturdy 'power base'

　　堅實的地基是燃氣發(fā)電機組穩(wěn)定運行的關鍵。地基設計需根據(jù)機組的重量、尺寸、運行時產生的振動等參數(shù)進行專業(yè)計算。一般來說，地基應采用鋼筋混凝土結構，通過合理配置鋼筋增強基礎的強度和抗裂性。地基的尺寸要大于機組底座，四周至少超出底座邊緣 20 - 30 厘米，以提供足夠的支撐面積。澆筑地基前，需對地面進行壓實處理，確保地基承載力滿足要求，防止后期因地面沉降導致機組傾斜。對于大型燃氣發(fā)電機組，還需在地基中預埋地腳螺栓，用于固定機組底座，螺栓的規(guī)格、間距和預埋深度必須嚴格按照設計要求施工，保證機組與地基的牢固連接。

　　A solid foundation is the key to the stable operation of gas turbine generators. The foundation design needs to be professionally calculated based on parameters such as the weight, size, and vibration generated during operation of the unit. Generally speaking, the foundation should be made of reinforced concrete structure, and the strength and crack resistance of the foundation should be enhanced by reasonable allocation of steel bars. The size of the foundation should be larger than the base of the unit, and at least 20-30 centimeters beyond the edge of the base on all sides to provide sufficient support area. Before pouring the foundation, it is necessary to compact the ground to ensure that the bearing capacity of the foundation meets the requirements and prevent the unit from tilting due to ground settlement in the later stage. For large gas generator units, it is necessary to embed anchor bolts in the foundation to fix the unit base. The specifications, spacing, and embedded depth of the bolts must be strictly constructed according to the design requirements to ensure a firm connection between the unit and the foundation.

　　三、減震處理：減少振動的 “緩沖層”

　　3、 Shock absorption treatment: a "buffer layer" that reduces vibration

　　燃氣發(fā)電機組運行時會產生振動，若不加以控制，不僅會影響設備壽命，還可能通過基礎傳遞到周邊建筑。因此，減震處理是安裝基礎的重要環(huán)節(jié)。常見的減震措施是在機組底座與地基之間安裝減震器或減震墊。減震器有彈簧減震器、橡膠減震器等類型，彈簧減震器適用于低頻振動的隔離，橡膠減震器則對高頻振動有較好的吸收效果，可根據(jù)機組振動特性選擇合適的減震產品。安裝時，要確保減震器均勻分布在機組底座下方，受力均衡，避免出現(xiàn)傾斜或局部受力過大的情況。此外，還可在地基表面鋪設一層彈性材料，如瀝青砂或橡膠板，進一步緩沖振動傳遞。

　　Gas generator sets will generate vibrations during operation. If not controlled, it will not only affect the service life of the equipment, but may also be transmitted to surrounding buildings through the foundation. Therefore, shock absorption treatment is an important part of installing the foundation. The common shock absorption measure is to install shock absorbers or shock pads between the unit base and the foundation. There are types of shock absorbers, such as spring shock absorbers and rubber shock absorbers. Spring shock absorbers are suitable for isolating low-frequency vibrations, while rubber shock absorbers have good absorption effects on high-frequency vibrations. Suitable shock absorber products can be selected according to the vibration characteristics of the unit. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the shock absorbers are evenly distributed under the unit base, with balanced force distribution, to avoid tilting or excessive local force. In addition, a layer of elastic material such as asphalt sand or rubber sheet can be laid on the surface of the foundation to further cushion vibration transmission.

　　四、水平校準：保障運行的 “平衡術”

　　4、 Horizontal calibration: the "balancing technique" to ensure operation

　　燃氣發(fā)電機組安裝必須保證水平，否則會導致機組運行時受力不均，加速部件磨損，甚至引發(fā)故障。在地基澆筑完成且達到設計強度后，使用水平儀對地基表面進行測量，誤差應控制在規(guī)定范圍內，一般要求每米水平偏差不超過 2 毫米。若發(fā)現(xiàn)地基表面不平整，需進行打磨或填補處理，直至達到水平要求。在機組安裝過程中，同樣要反復校準水平度，通過調整減震器高度或在底座下方加墊片等方式，確保機組處于水平狀態(tài)，為設備穩(wěn)定運行創(chuàng)造良好條件。

　　The installation of gas generator sets must ensure levelness, otherwise it may cause uneven force distribution during operation, accelerate component wear, and even lead to malfunctions. After the foundation pouring is completed and reaches the design strength, a level is used to measure the surface of the foundation, and the error should be controlled within the specified range. Generally, the horizontal deviation per meter should not exceed 2 millimeters. If the surface of the foundation is found to be uneven, it needs to be polished or filled until it meets the horizontal requirements. During the installation process of the unit, it is also necessary to repeatedly calibrate the levelness by adjusting the height of the shock absorber or adding shims under the base to ensure that the unit is in a horizontal state and create good conditions for the stable operation of the equipment.

　　五、防護設計：抵御環(huán)境的 “安全盾”

　　5、 Protective design: a "safety shield" that resists the environment

　　安裝基礎還需做好防護措施，以應對各種環(huán)境因素。首先是防水設計，在地基周邊設置排水溝或排水坡度，防止雨水積聚浸泡地基；對于地下水位較高的地區(qū)，可在地基底部和四周鋪設防水層，如防水卷材或防水涂料，增強基礎的防水性能。其次是防腐設計，若地基長期暴露在潮濕、有腐蝕性氣體的環(huán)境中，混凝土可能被侵蝕，因此可在地基表面涂刷防腐涂料，保護基礎結構。此外，還需考慮防雷措施，在機組周邊安裝避雷裝置，并將其與地基的鋼筋網可靠連接，防止雷擊對機組造成損壞。

　　The installation foundation also needs to take protective measures to cope with various environmental factors. Firstly, waterproofing design involves setting up drainage ditches or slopes around the foundation to prevent rainwater from accumulating and soaking the foundation; For areas with high groundwater levels, waterproof layers such as waterproof rolls or waterproof coatings can be laid at the bottom and around the foundation to enhance its waterproof performance. Next is anti-corrosion design. If the foundation is exposed to a damp and corrosive gas environment for a long time, the concrete may be corroded. Therefore, anti-corrosion coating can be applied to the surface of the foundation to protect the foundation structure. In addition, lightning protection measures should be considered by installing lightning protection devices around the unit and reliably connecting them to the steel mesh of the foundation to prevent damage to the unit caused by lightning strikes.

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