當(dāng)前很多燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)的技術(shù)也依然受制于國(guó)外廠家，一旦出現(xiàn)大故障必須返廠維修，這大大影響了能源站的正常供能，同時(shí)也將維修成本提高了一個(gè)檔次。看來(lái)國(guó)產(chǎn)機(jī)組不出頭，布局再多的分布式內(nèi)燃機(jī)，也只是給自己多埋了坑。再次感悟科學(xué)技術(shù)才是第一生產(chǎn)力，真理就是真理。

　　Currently, the technology of many gas internal combustion engines is still limited by foreign manufacturers. Once a major malfunction occurs, they must be returned to the factory for maintenance, which greatly affects the normal energy supply of the energy station and also increases the maintenance cost by one level. It seems that domestic units are not making a name for themselves, and no matter how many distributed internal combustion engines are deployed, they are only digging more holes for themselves. Once again, realize that science and technology are the primary productive forces, and truth is truth.

　　燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組，尤其是分布式項(xiàng)目中能夠接觸到的機(jī)型，全部是按照連續(xù)運(yùn)行設(shè)計(jì)的，具備24*365運(yùn)行的能力。機(jī)組長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行中，維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)會(huì)極大的影響機(jī)組的性能。

　　Gas generator sets, especially the models that can be accessed in distributed projects, are all designed for continuous operation and have the ability to operate 24 * 365. During long-term operation of the unit, maintenance and upkeep will greatly affect its performance.

　　小編今天來(lái)說(shuō)一說(shuō)燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組運(yùn)維保養(yǎng)方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，由于不準(zhǔn)備細(xì)化到具體機(jī)型，因此本文中所涉及到的數(shù)據(jù)，都是概念性的，相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目也只是常規(guī)性概念，準(zhǔn)確的項(xiàng)目和數(shù)據(jù)必須以相關(guān)機(jī)型的保養(yǎng)手冊(cè)為準(zhǔn)。

　　Today, the editor will talk about the basic knowledge of gas turbine operation and maintenance. As we do not intend to delve into specific models, the data involved in this article are conceptual, and the related projects are only routine concepts. Accurate projects and data must be based on the maintenance manual of the relevant type.

　　維護(hù)保養(yǎng)的類(lèi)型：

　　Types of maintenance and upkeep:

　　內(nèi)燃機(jī)的保養(yǎng)，大體上可分為兩個(gè)大類(lèi)：周期性的、和運(yùn)行小時(shí)數(shù)無(wú)關(guān)的。和運(yùn)行小時(shí)數(shù)無(wú)關(guān)的保養(yǎng)包括更換機(jī)油、更換各類(lèi)濾芯；周期性保養(yǎng)包括日常檢查、常規(guī)維保、小修、中修、大修、渦輪增壓器檢修。

　　The maintenance of internal combustion engines can generally be divided into two categories: periodic and independent of operating hours. Maintenance unrelated to operating hours includes changing engine oil and replacing various filter elements; Periodic maintenance includes daily inspections, routine maintenance, minor repairs, medium repairs, major repairs, and turbocharger maintenance.

　　日常檢查對(duì)設(shè)備的巡檢，圍繞設(shè)備進(jìn)行目測(cè)檢查，看是否有跑冒滴漏和異?，F(xiàn)象，檢查液位、油位，記錄設(shè)備運(yùn)行參數(shù)。日常檢查的頻率根據(jù)能源站/電廠的制度自定，較為嚴(yán)格的電廠要求每小時(shí)巡檢。

　　Daily inspection of equipment, visual inspection around the equipment to see if there is any leakage or abnormal phenomenon, checking the liquid level and oil level, and recording the operating parameters of the equipment. The frequency of daily inspections is determined according to the regulations of the energy station/power plant, and stricter power plants require hourly inspections.

　　常規(guī)保養(yǎng)常規(guī)保養(yǎng)通常指的是大家最為熟悉的“換火花塞”級(jí)別的保養(yǎng)。其內(nèi)容通常包括更換火花塞、檢查/調(diào)整氣門(mén)相關(guān)各項(xiàng)參數(shù)、發(fā)電機(jī)加潤(rùn)滑脂等。

　　Routine maintenance usually refers to the most familiar level of maintenance, such as replacing spark plugs. The content usually includes replacing spark plugs, checking/adjusting various parameters related to valves, and adding lubricating grease to the generator.

　　各機(jī)型的常規(guī)保養(yǎng)時(shí)間間隔相差較大，有的小機(jī)組要求每?jī)扇傩r(shí)就要做保養(yǎng)，而一些機(jī)型則可以間隔4000小時(shí)以上。

　　The regular maintenance intervals vary greatly among different models. Some small units require maintenance every two to three hundred hours, while some models can have intervals of more than 4000 hours.

　　為了提高工作效率，降低停機(jī)時(shí)間，一些和運(yùn)行小時(shí)數(shù)無(wú)關(guān)的保養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目，如換機(jī)油，常常會(huì)和常規(guī)保養(yǎng)放在同一時(shí)間做。

　　In order to improve work efficiency and reduce downtime, some maintenance items unrelated to operating hours, such as oil changes, are often performed at the same time as routine maintenance.

　　小修：小修通常也叫頂修，維修的范圍主要是缸蓋，小修時(shí)缸蓋會(huì)被拆下，分解開(kāi)來(lái)檢查，通常會(huì)更換其中一部分零件，但沒(méi)發(fā)現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題的話(huà)不會(huì)整體更換。

　　Minor repair: Minor repair is usually called top repair, and the scope of repair is mainly the cylinder head. During minor repair, the cylinder head will be removed and disassembled for inspection. Usually, some parts will be replaced, but if no serious problems are found, it will not be replaced as a whole.

　　中修：中修通常會(huì)采用所有氣缸全部整體更換缸蓋的方式進(jìn)行，同時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)缸套、活塞、連桿、軸瓦等都進(jìn)行檢查（），如有必要進(jìn)行更換。

　　Intermediate maintenance: Intermediate maintenance usually involves replacing the cylinder head of all cylinders as a whole, and inspecting the cylinder liner, piston, connecting rod, bearing shell, etc. If necessary, replacement will be carried out.

　　大修：大修在中修的范圍上進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大，包括曲軸、凸輪軸在內(nèi)的幾乎整個(gè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)都需要進(jìn)行檢查，大范圍更換零件?，F(xiàn)場(chǎng)通常不具備大修的工具和條件，需要將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)返回原廠，工期至少在一個(gè)月以上（不含往返運(yùn)輸時(shí)間）。

　　Major overhaul: Major overhaul further expands the scope of medium overhaul, including almost the entire engine, including the crankshaft and camshaft, requiring inspection and extensive replacement of parts. The site usually does not have the tools and conditions for major repairs, and the engine needs to be returned to the original factory with a construction period of at least one month (excluding round-trip transportation time).

　　雖然各個(gè)廠家都給出了大修的時(shí)間間隔，但嚴(yán)格的來(lái)說(shuō)，這只是個(gè)參考時(shí)間，大修也應(yīng)該屬于和運(yùn)行時(shí)間無(wú)關(guān)的項(xiàng)目。是否需要做大修，需要很多指標(biāo)綜合來(lái)確認(rèn)，比如最典型的兩項(xiàng)：機(jī)油消耗量的增加；曲軸箱竄氣量的增加由于大修工序復(fù)雜，時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，對(duì)項(xiàng)目運(yùn)營(yíng)的影響非常大，所以各家主機(jī)廠現(xiàn)在都推出了一種替換的大修方案，稱(chēng)為長(zhǎng)缸體置換。

　　Although each manufacturer has provided a time interval for major repairs, strictly speaking, this is only a reference time, and major repairs should also be considered as projects unrelated to operating time. Whether a major overhaul is needed requires a comprehensive analysis of many indicators, such as the most typical two: an increase in oil consumption; The increase in crankcase blow by volume has a significant impact on project operation due to the complex and lengthy overhaul process. Therefore, various major engine manufacturers have now introduced a replacement overhaul plan called long cylinder block replacement.

　　長(zhǎng)缸體置換長(zhǎng)缸體，實(shí)際上是一臺(tái)接近完整的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，但不包括泵、閥、控制系統(tǒng)及一些非關(guān)鍵部件如進(jìn)排氣管道等，在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)可將長(zhǎng)缸體和舊機(jī)對(duì)應(yīng)的部分進(jìn)行整體置換。有資質(zhì)的維修人員在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)即可完成長(zhǎng)缸體置換，時(shí)間約7-10天左右。

　　Replacing a long cylinder body with a long cylinder body is actually a nearly complete engine, but does not include pumps, valves, control systems, and some non critical components such as intake and exhaust pipes. On site, the corresponding parts of the long cylinder body and the old engine can be replaced as a whole. Qualified maintenance personnel can complete the replacement of the long cylinder body on site, which takes about 7-10 days.

　　本文由 燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組 友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊  http://kmhxn.cn/   真誠(chéng)的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)我們將會(huì)陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請(qǐng)期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from a gas generator set For more related knowledge, please click http://kmhxn.cn/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.